Shih Tzu Health Issues & Care Guide
Comprehensive health guide covering common conditions, genetic testing, preventive care, and veterinary recommendations for Shih Tzus.
Health Overview
Their flat face creates breathing challenges, and their prominent eyes are prone to injuries and dryness. Regular veterinary eye exams are recommended., but like all dogs, they are prone to certain conditions. Being aware of these and working with a knowledgeable veterinarian helps ensure your Shih Tzu lives a long, healthy life.
Responsible breeders screen for the most common health issues, significantly reducing the risk of inherited conditions. Regular preventive care—vaccinations, parasite prevention, and dental care—is essential.
Common Health Conditions
| Condition | Frequency | Severity | Treatable |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome | Common | Moderate | Yes |
| Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca | Common | Moderate | Manageable |
| Patellar Luxation | Common | Moderate | Yes |
| Intervertebral Disc Disease | Occasional | Severe | Yes |
| Renal Dysplasia | Occasional | Severe | No |
Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome
Shortened skull causes narrowed nostrils, elongated soft palate, and restricted airways leading to snoring and breathing difficulty.
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Dry eye condition where tear production is insufficient, causing irritation, discharge, and potential corneal damage.
Patellar Luxation
Kneecap dislocation causing intermittent lameness, particularly common in small breeds like the Shih Tzu.
Intervertebral Disc Disease
Herniated discs in the spine cause pain, nerve damage, and in severe cases, paralysis of the hind limbs.
Renal Dysplasia
Abnormal kidney development that can lead to kidney failure, sometimes appearing in puppies as young as a few months old.
Recommended Health Tests
Before buying a Shih Tzu ($800–$1500), verify these health tests on both parents:
- Patellar luxation evaluation by an orthopedic veterinarian
- Eye exam by a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist
- Thyroid function testing
- Comprehensive DNA panel for Shih Tzu-specific mutations including Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome screening
All results should be verifiable through OFA's public database. Their flat face creates breathing challenges, and their prominent eyes are prone to injuries and dryness. Regular veterinary eye exams are recommended..
Preventive Care Schedule
A preventive care schedule for your Shih Tzu (lifespan 10–18 years) should include:
- Puppies (0-12 months): Vaccinations at 8, 12, and 16 weeks; deworming; spay/neuter discussion; weight tracking
- Adults (1-8 years): Annual wellness exam, vaccinations, heartworm test, dental cleaning, screening for Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome
- Seniors (8+ years): Twice-yearly exams, blood work, urinalysis, and monitoring for Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome and Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
Life Stage Health Guide
Shih Tzu life stages and what to expect over 10–18 years:
- Puppy (0-12 months): Socialization window, house training, vaccination series, growth toward 16 lbs
- Adolescent (1-2 years): Boundary testing, Can be charmingly stubborn during training. They respond best to gentle, patient methods with plenty of treats. Housetraining can take longer than average., filling out to 9–10 inches
- Prime adult (2-8 years): Peak energy (2/5), established routine, preventive care including Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome screening
- Senior (8+ years): Activity adjustment, monitoring for Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome, enhanced veterinary monitoring
Insurance Recommendation
With Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome and Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca among the Shih Tzu's known health risks, pet insurance provides valuable financial protection. Expect premiums of $38–$86/month. The earlier you enroll, the fewer pre-existing condition exclusions you'll face.