Dog Grooming Basics: A Complete Guide

Learn essential grooming techniques to keep your dog clean, healthy, and comfortable.

10 min read Updated 2026

Brushing & Coat Care

Brushing frequency depends on coat type: short coats need weekly brushing, medium coats 2-3 times per week, and long or double coats need daily attention. Use the right brush for your dog's coat type — slicker brushes for tangles, bristle brushes for short coats, and undercoat rakes for double-coated breeds.

Bathing

Most dogs need bathing every 4-8 weeks, though this varies by breed and activity level. Use a dog-specific shampoo — human shampoo disrupts the pH balance of dog skin. Thoroughly rinse all shampoo to prevent skin irritation. Some breeds with oily coats may need more frequent baths.

Nail Trimming

Trim nails every 2-4 weeks or when you can hear them clicking on hard floors. Use sharp clippers or a nail grinder, and cut at a 45-degree angle. Avoid the quick (the pink area inside the nail). If you nick the quick, apply styptic powder to stop bleeding.

Ear & Eye Care

Check ears weekly for redness, odor, or discharge. Clean with a vet-recommended ear solution — never use cotton swabs deep in the ear canal. Floppy-eared breeds are more prone to infections. Wipe eye discharge daily with a damp cloth, and see your vet if you notice excessive tearing or redness.

Frequently Asked Questions

Most dogs do well with a bath every 4-8 weeks. Over-bathing can strip natural oils and cause dry skin. Some breeds need more or less frequent bathing.
Basic grooming (brushing, bathing, nail trimming) can be done at home. More complex grooming like haircuts may require a professional groomer, especially for breeds with specific styling needs.
Start grooming routines early, keep sessions short and positive, and use high-value treats. Gradually increase duration as your dog becomes comfortable. Never punish during grooming.