Saint Bernard Health Issues & Care Guide
Comprehensive health guide covering common conditions, genetic testing, preventive care, and veterinary recommendations for Saint Bernards.
Health Overview
The Saint Bernard is generally a moderately healthy breed, but like all dogs, they are prone to certain health conditions. Being aware of these conditions and working with a veterinarian who knows the breed helps ensure your Saint Bernard lives a long, healthy life.
Responsible breeders screen for the most common health issues in the breed, which significantly reduces the risk of inherited conditions. Regular preventive care, including vaccinations, parasite prevention, and dental care, is essential.
Common Health Conditions
| Condition | Frequency | Severity | Treatable |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patellar Luxation | Common | Moderate | Yes |
| Epilepsy | Occasional | Moderate | Manageable |
| Cataracts | Occasional | Moderate | Yes |
| Elbow Dysplasia | Common | Moderate | Manageable |
| Bloat (GDV) | Occasional | Severe | Emergency |
Patellar Luxation
The kneecap slides out of place, causing intermittent lameness. Common in small breeds. Surgery may be needed in severe cases.
Epilepsy
Seizure disorder that typically appears between 1-5 years of age. Controlled with daily anticonvulsant medication.
Cataracts
Clouding of the eye lens that can impair vision. Surgery can restore sight in most cases when detected early.
Elbow Dysplasia
Abnormal development of the elbow joint leading to lameness. Can be managed with weight control and sometimes surgery.
Bloat (GDV)
A life-threatening condition where the stomach twists. Large, deep-chested breeds are most at risk. Preventive gastropexy is an option.
Recommended Health Tests
Recommended health tests for Saint Bernards include:
- Hip and elbow evaluation (OFA or PennHIP)
- Ophthalmologist evaluation (CERF/OFA)
- Thyroid testing
- Breed-specific DNA panel testing
Reputable breeders provide documentation of all health testing performed on the parents. Ask to see these results before purchasing a puppy.
Preventive Care Schedule
A preventive care schedule for your Saint Bernard should include:
- Puppies (0-12 months): Vaccinations at 8, 12, and 16 weeks; deworming; spay/neuter discussion
- Adults (1-7 years): Annual wellness exam, vaccinations, heartworm test, dental cleaning
- Seniors (7+ years): Twice-yearly exams, blood work, urinalysis, and age-appropriate screening
Life Stage Health Guide
Understanding your Saint Bernard's life stages helps you provide appropriate care:
- Puppy (0-12 months): Rapid growth, socialization critical, high energy, frequent feeding
- Adolescent (1-2 years): Testing boundaries, continued training important, reaching adult size
- Adult (2-7 years): Peak health and activity, maintain routine care
- Senior (7+ years): Slower pace, may need joint support, more frequent vet visits
Insurance Recommendation
Given the Saint Bernard's predisposition to conditions like Patellar Luxation and Epilepsy, pet insurance is a worthwhile investment. Plans for Saint Bernards typically cost $51–$87 per month and can save thousands in unexpected veterinary bills. Compare plans from multiple providers and enroll early, before any pre-existing conditions develop.